Content
Among the various grape varieties, not so long ago, a new one appeared - Transfiguration, thanks to the selection work of V.N. So far, the variety has not been officially entered into the State Register, however, it is of increased interest among gardeners, since the hybrid form has taken the best characteristics from the basic varieties: high yield, short time for harvesting, excellent taste.
Description of the grape variety Transfiguration
The Transfiguration grape variety is most suitable for cultivation in the southern regions of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. However, many gardeners, not without success, grow this variety in central Russia, and they are not afraid that agricultural technology is becoming more complicated, because the plants need to be covered for the winter. But it's worth it.
The Transfiguration grapes ripen in record time: from 3 to 3.5 months pass from the opening of the buds to the ripening of the first clusters. The timing varies slightly in one direction or another, depending on the weather conditions and the place of growth of the Preobrazhenie variety.
When describing grapes of the Transfiguration, first of all, they note the size of the berries and brushes.
In the photo, coins or matchboxes are placed next to the berries for comparison. The grape berries are very large, up to 5 cm long, elongated oval. The weight of one berry can be from 17 to 20 g. Ripe berries of the Preobrazhenie variety have a light pink color, a sweet, slightly sour taste. The skin is of medium thickness, covered with a whitish waxy bloom. They tolerate transportation well, have an attractive presentation.
The weight of the bunch is from 1.7 to 3 kg, the shape is often conical. Good productive indicators make Transfiguration grapes suitable both for fresh consumption and for processing into wine and juices.
Other notable technical characteristics of the Preobrazhenie variety are:
- The mother bush forms a large number of stepchildren. In the southern regions a second crop is obtained from them;
- Cuttings can be grafted to any other varieties, they have a high survival rate;
- However, the Transfiguration grape bush itself grows large without grafting;
- High yield up to 20 kg of 1 bush does not depend on the whims of nature;
- Resistance to viral and fungal diseases and insect pests;
- The Transfiguration variety is not capricious in relation to the soil, it is enough to place the fertile soil in the planting pit;
- Transfiguration grapes are not prone to peas, regardless of weather conditions;
- Suitable for growing in the middle lane, tolerates frosts down to -20 ° С;
- It is important that it is pollinated without the participation of insects, since the flowers are bisexual. Pollination occurs in any wind blowing. Artificially pollinating the brushes of the Preobrazhenie variety is not required.
The Transfiguration grape variety has a lot of advantages that will fully manifest themselves if the culture is properly looked after.
For more information about the Transformation variety, see the video:
Features of growing grapes
The acquired planting material should be carefully examined when purchasing. There should be no obvious defects, indicating that the seedling of the Preobrazheniye variety was frozen or overdried, damaged by diseases. A healthy seedling should have white roots and should be green in cross-section.
Landing
For planting the grapes of the Transfiguration, the right place must be determined.Grapes still come from the southern regions, so for planting it, choose the southern well-lit areas of the garden, for the rows, choose the direction from north to south. Planting holes should be located at a distance of 2 m from each other.
The Transformation variety is undemanding to the quality of the soil. Nevertheless, if the soil in the garden is not very fertile, with a low ability to form a humus layer, then humus or compost, wood ash and nitrogen fertilizers must be laid in the planting pit. Such a nutritious dressing is done for the Transfiguration grapes for the next 3-4 years. The results for growing crops will be much higher.
The site for planting should be well-drained, without stagnant moisture, it is better to place it at a certain elevation. The planting hole is dug up to a depth of 0.5 m. All additives are mixed in it together with the soil, spilled well with water so that the soil settles. And a seedling is planted. This planting method is suitable for lignified seedlings of the Preobrazhenie variety, which will already yield a small harvest next season.
The time for planting is chosen taking into account the climatic characteristics of their area. In the spring, they choose the time when it becomes already warm enough, the air temperature is at least + 15 ° С, and the earth has warmed up by + 10 ° С.
Care
Further care of the grape crop consists in watering, feeding, pruning and protecting against pests and diseases. The peculiarities of care should be observed, then the plant will thank you with a good harvest.
The peculiarities of watering should include the fact that the Transfiguration grapes love water, however, a large amount of it can destroy the plant. Consider the structural features of the root system of grapes. It goes deep into the ground, and in order to have enough moisture for all the roots, it should be watered in large volumes.
So, a seedling of the first year of life is watered for the first time after planting once a week with 2 buckets of water, then after about a month they switch to watering once every 3-4 weeks, however, they spend up to 4 buckets of water on watering.
Autumn moisture-charging irrigation is carried out after the foliage has fallen. It is necessary for the plant to better endure the winter cold, since dry soils freeze more than wet ones. Moisture-charged irrigation is carried out despite the presence of rains, since the root system of the plant is very powerful and moisture from the rains may not be enough to penetrate deeper.
In the spring, water charging is carried out to activate the kidneys. Watering is necessary, especially if the winter was little snow.
For the grape transformation, you can use different types of watering. If the underground irrigation system was not laid down immediately, then surface irrigation is carried out. To do this, around the plant, departing from the root collar about 30 cm, make a furrow, up to 20 cm deep. Water is poured here.
Excess moisture affects the taste of the fruits of the Preobrazhenie variety. The taste deteriorates, the berries become too watery and tasteless. Therefore, if the summer is too rainy, it is worth making branch grooves along which excess moisture will flow out of the trunk circle.
Pruning
Pruning of grapes Transformation is the main agricultural technique during cultivation, which allows:
- Regulate the grape harvest Transformation, since a large number of bunches impairs their quality;
- Form a grape bush by removing the vines that have borne fruit;
- Rejuvenate the plant, as pruning stimulates the growth of vine shoots.
For more information about pruning grapes, see the video:
Pruning is carried out in the spring, before the buds have blossomed or in the fall. For the Transfiguration variety, according to winegrowers, fan pruning of the bush in the fall is preferable. Cut off shoots are much easier to cover, and they will survive frost without damage. In spring, the dormant buds of grapes will bloom much earlier, which will shorten the period before harvest. Let's consider in detail how to form a bush.
In the first year of life, 2 shoots are left in the fall, which are shortened to 2 buds. The next year, a shoot will grow from each bud, in the fall they are shortened, one will become a replacement shoot, 2 buds are left on it, the other will be a fruiting vine, up to 12 buds are left on it.
For the winter, the vines are bent to the ground, covered with soil and covered with sheets of slate or roofing material. In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the vines are bent and tied horizontally to the ground on a trellis.
At the next pruning, the fruit-bearing vine is cut completely to the very knot. There are only 2 shoots left, 1 is made a replacement shoot, shortening to 2 buds, the second will bear fruit in the next season, its length is formed by 12 buds. This pruning system is repeated from year to year.
It is preferable for Transfiguration grapes grown not only in the temperate zone, but also in the southern regions. It allows you to cover the plant, form 2 or more sleeves, which leads to a high yield of the variety and excellent taste of grape berries.
Problems when growing varieties Transformation:
- Ability to form a large number of shoots. They will need to be removed. Each shoot is capable of giving one brush, however, this is too much load for the bush. The Transfiguration grapes have very large clusters, it will be difficult for them to ripen;
- Fungal diseases can also be a problem. In order to prevent diseases from affecting the grape bush, preventive spraying with Bordeaux liquid is done at the beginning of the growing season and after autumn pruning.
Grapes can transform your summer cottage if you take the time to grow and care for this interesting and rewarding crop.
Conclusion
Viticulture is a complex but exciting process. The main goal - getting a decent harvest of grapes, can be achieved only with careful attention to the culture, the correct implementation of agricultural techniques. An equally important role in the successful cultivation of grapes is a well-chosen variety. According to winegrowers, the Transformation variety has excellent characteristics in terms of yield and presentation of fruits, has bisexual flowers, which is convenient for pollination, frost-resistant, which makes it possible to grow it in the middle lane.
The Transfiguration variety is amazing ... Krainov created a masterpiece ... in Astrakhan, the earliest ... amazed by oidium, if watering is not rationed ... I advise not to water at all after flowering ... that is, before harvesting ...